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At the beginning of the eighth century AD and before it the seventh century AD, the world witnessed in this period the emergence of the Islamic religion, after the Prophet Muhammad was able to unite the entire Arab tribes and form a single state for Muslims inherited by the Rightly-Guided Caliphs and then the caliphs of the Umayyad state, the Umayyad state was able to expand significantly to the extent that it controlled North Africa completely from the west and was able of course to expand in the east until the borders of its king reached the borders of China in the east, besides that the leader was able to Tariq bin Ziyad, with the help of Musa bin Nusair, to conquer Andalusia, which is currently Spain, and start a new phase of wars within the European continent.
Europe before the battle of the martyrs' court?
Europe in that period was centered most of its power and civilization in the east of the European continent, which was in that period subordinate to the Byzantine state, that state that was founded after the separation of the Roman Empire, and the stability of the capital of the Byzantine state in Constantinople in Istanbul currently, as for the rest of the European continent, it was divided into separate kingdoms, some of which are under the control of the Gaul peoples and others belong to the Germanic peoples, it is worth noting that chaos and injustice were largely present in these kingdoms, so it is said The conquest of Tariq bin Ziyad Landels was due to the request of a Spanish merchant from him to do so, and it is also said that he provided ships for Muslims to cross into Spain and indeed succeeded in entering the continent.
In the period of one of the kings of Bani Umayyah called Abdul Rahman Al-Ghafiqi sought to increase the movements of conquests within the European continent Rima did so by controlling more territory or even to ensure the security of his country's borders from the possible attack of the Europeans on Andalusia, indeed Abdul Rahman Al-Ghafiqi continued to penetrate into the European continent and continued to open more castles until he was finally able to control the castle of Tours and also reach the castle of Poitiers, at that moment the Duke of Acantea, Charles Martel, was aware Indeed, due to the magnitude of this coming danger, he began to prepare for this next war.
The Muslim army coming from Andalusia was able, as I said earlier, to achieve very strong victories and open many fortresses to the extent that the Muslim soldiers were exhausted by the many booty that they carried with them to the battle of the martyrs' court, also it is said that they made a special booty camp on the battlefield, also some believe that this was the reason for their defeat.
Charles Martel
Charles Martel realized that the Muslim army was coming for battle, so he assembled his army from everywhere for this fight, to the extent that he imposed a lot of taxes on his people, he also confiscated church property in order to finance his huge campaign, it is said that he was an alliance of Germans and also used mercenaries for the beginning of this war, and indeed Head to the battlefield.
The beginning of the battle!
It is said that the army of Charles Martel was twice the army of the Muslims, but some historians objected to this and said that the preparation of both armies was almost close and the number of each army ranged from 50 thousand to 80 thousand, but the number is not really important when the fighting between the two sides began to last for a long time and it is said that it lasted for six days continuously neither side could defeat the other, but there is another thing that Carl Martel discovered in the Muslim army, which is the presence of a place Large to store the spoils next to the battlefield, so Martel took advantage of this and attacked the booty camp, so there was a great disturbance in the Muslim army in order to return in order to protect the spoils, and indeed a large number of the Muslim army were killed, including the commander Abdul Rahman Al-Ghafiqi.
Despite the killing of Abd al-Rahman al-Ghafiqi, the Muslim army held together, but darkness fell, when the leaders of the Muslim army gathered in their tents, they saw that the withdrawal was the best plan at that moment, and indeed the Muslim army withdrew without making any noise, to the point that they left their tents in place in order not to attract the attention of Carl Martel.
The results of the battle!
In the morning, Carl Martel waited for the Muslim army to come out of their tents, but he was surprised by the withdrawal of the army completely, which made him declare that he was the victor in this war, and indeed this war ended with Karl Martel declaring victorious over the Muslim army, and stopping them from penetrating into the European continent, although the number of dead Christians could be close because the number of Christians killed reached 10 thousand, while the number of Muslims killed reached 15 thousand, which means that Muslims and Christians are somewhat close in The losses, but the gains that this war brought about for Carl Martel were really great, as this man became all over Europe at that stage, and it is said that Charles Martel is still glorified until now because of this battle that prevented the Muslims from completing the conquest of Europe, because if Charles Martel did not succeed in confronting Abd al-Rahman al-Ghafiqi, Europe would have been completely controlled by the Muslims.
Charles Martel was glorified to such a great degree that the title of Martel was acquired from his victory over the Muslims in this battle, and it is said that because of this glory the Frankish kingdom was established because of Martel later, but we must not forget the basic reasons Muslims in that battle, which already proved that although Abdul Rahman Al-Ghafiqi was indeed a genius leader, he did not succeed in controlling his soldiers to the extent that a large number of them did not obey his order and held on to the spoils they collected From the castles of the Europeans, until they were finally defeated by Martel's attack on the booty camp, it is also said that fatigue exhausted them from the abundance of these spoils, so Martel outperformed them and Abdul Rahman Al-Ghafiqi paid with his life for his negligence with his soldiers.
